Generator
The alternator has a multifunctional voltage regulator used in the charging system (14 V), and rectifiers based on zener diodes.
ECM (the engine control unit) controls the load of the electrical system by PWM (pulse width modulation) -signals and and regulates the output power of the generator in accordance with the specified load. In addition, ECM (the engine control unit) monitors the battery temperature to determine the generator regulator setpoint. This parameter is needed to protect the battery from damage. At low battery temperatures, its ability to accept charging is extremely low, and to compensate for this circumstance, it is necessary to increase the charging voltage as much as possible, however, at high temperatures, the charging voltage must be reduced to prevent excessive gas formation and, as a result, loss of water from the electrolyte. For more information refer to Generator (414-02A Generator and Regulator - 4.0L)
The alternator circuit contains intelligent controls that reduce the load on the alternator if there is a need to maximize the engine torque for other purposes. For such control, three signals are used that come to the ECM (the engine control unit):
- Alternator sensor A measures voltage at CJB (central junction box).
- Generator communication system (Alt Com) transmits the generator voltage setting from the ECM (the engine control unit) into the generator.
- Generator status sensor (Alt Mon) sends to ECM (the engine control unit) current value in the generator load circuit. In the same data package in eCm (the engine control unit) fault signals are sent. Based on received CAN·messages (the engine control unit) sends a request to the instrument panel to turn on the charging circuit warning light.
Nozzles
ECM (the engine control unit) controls 6 fuel injectors located in the cylinder head. Fuel is supplied to the injectors from the fuel rail, which is part of the fuel supply without backflow.
Fuel rail pressure is kept constant (equal to 4.5 bar) and is controlled by a regulator built into the fuel pump module. ECM (the engine control unit) monitors the circuits of the output stages of the injector drive units for electrical faults. The default injector resistance at 20 degrees Celsius is 14.5 ohms. For more information refer to Fuel Charging and Controls (303-04A Fuel Charging and Controls - 4.0L)
Spark plug
Only spark plugs that have been tested at the factory may be used. DO NOT attempt to use 'matching' spark plugs. Using the wrong spark plugs can cause the misfire detection system to malfunction and save the ECM (the engine control unit) relevant data.
Ignition coils
The Land Rover V6 engine has ignition coils that are directly actuated by the ECM (the engine control unit) . The coils are mounted on top of the intake manifold and with high voltage wires (HT) connected to spark plugs. Positive supply voltage is applied to the coil through a 19V BJB fuse (battery mounting box) . Each coil has a power stage that controls the on and off of the primary winding. To turn on the power circuit of each ECM coil (the engine control unit) sends the corresponding control signal. The power circuit of the ignition coils provides the formation of a feedback signal. When the coil power circuit fails, the feedback signal is lost and the ECM (the engine control unit) stores a fault code.
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